First Middle Eastern-Based Gut Microbiota Study: Implications for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Microbiota-Based Therapies
Main Article Content
Keywords
IBD, Crohn’s Disease, Ulcerative Colitis, gut, biopsy, microbiome, Roseburia, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Blautia, Coprococcus, Bacteroides dorei
Abstract
Objective To investigate the differences in gut microbiota composition between healthy individuals and those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Jordan and to understand how these differences may contribute to the pathogenesis of IBD. Methods This study involved the comprehensive analysis of 20 gut microbiota samples from diverse populations in Jordan. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, the gut microbiome composition of healthy individuals was compared to that of individuals with IBD. The analysis focused on microbial diversity and the relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa. Results The study revealed significant disparities in the gut microbiota composition between healthy individuals and those with IBD. IBD patients exhibited reduced microbial diversity. There was a notable decrease in the abundance of beneficial taxa such as Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, specifically the families Erysipelotrichaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Lachnospiraceae. IBD patients showed elevated levels of potentially harmful bacteria, particularly the Proteobacteria phylum. Three bacterial classes, Pseudomonas, Clostridia, and Escherichia, were significantly increased in IBD patients. Beneficial genera such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bifidobacterium, Blautia, Coprococcus, and Bacteroides dorei were more prominent in healthy controls, highlighting their roles in maintaining gut health and anti-inflammatory properties. Conclusion The findings underscore a significant association between gut microbiota dysbiosis and IBD. IBD patients in Jordan exhibited lower microbial diversity and an imbalance favoring harmful bacterial taxa. These insights into the gut microbiota composition offer a valuable understanding of IBD pathogenesis and suggest that therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiome could be promising for managing the disease. Further research into the interplay between gut microbiota and the immune system is essential for developing novel IBD treatments.
References
Toward Precision Medicine by Targeting the Respiratory Microbiome for Disease Diagnosis and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci.
2023;24(4). doi:10.3390/IJMS24044086
2. Taneja V. Microbiome : Impact of Gender on Function & Characteristics of Gut Microbiome. In: Principles of Gender-Specific
Medicince. Elsevier Inc.; 2017:569-583. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-803506-1.00027-9
3. Hooper L V, Gordon JI. Commensal Host-Bacterial Relationships in the Gut. 2001;292(May):1115-1119.
4. Kostic AD, Xavier RJ, Gevers D. The Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease : Current Status and the Future Ahead. Gastroenterology. 2014;146(6):1489-1499. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.02.009
5. Arumugam M, Raes J, Pelletier E, et al. Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome. Published online 2011. doi:10.1038/
nature09944
6. Wu GD, Chen J, Hoffmann C, et al. Linking long-term dietary patterns with gut microbial enterotypes. Science (1979).
2011;334(6052):105-108. doi:10.1126/science.1208344
7. Matsuoka K, Kanai T. The gut microbiota and inflammatory bowel disease. Published online 2015:47-55. doi:10.1007/s00281-
014-0454-4
8. Thursby E, Juge N. Introduction to the human gut microbiota. Biochemical Journal. 2017;474(11):1823-1836. doi:10.1042/
BCJ20160510
9. Kaur N, Chen C chia, Luther J, et al. Intestinal dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease Intestinal dysbiosis in inflammatory
bowel disease. 2011;0976. doi:10.4161/gmic.2.4.17863
10. Beker M. The search for association. Nature. 2010;467:1135-1138.
11. Imhann F, Vich Vila A, Bonder MJ, et al. Interplay of host genetics and gut microbiota underlying the onset and clinical
presentation of inflammatory bowel disease. Gut. 2018;67(1):108-119. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312135
12. Valles-colomer M, Darzi Y, Vieira-silva S. Meta-omics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research : Applications , Challenges , and
Guidelines. Published online 2016:735-746. doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw024
13. Turnbaugh PJ, Ridaura VK, Faith JJ, Rey FE, Knight R, Gordon JI. The effect of diet on the human gut microbiome: A metagenomic
analysis in humanized gnotobiotic mice. Sci Transl Med. 2009;1(6):1-12. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3000322
14. Matsuoka K, Kanai T. The gut microbiota and inflammatory bowel disease. Published online 2015:47-55. doi:10.1007/s00281-
014-0454-4
15. Al-Rshaidat MMD, Al-Sharif S, Refaei A Al, Shewaikani N, Alsayed AR, Rayyan YM. Evaluating the clinical application of the
immune cells’ ratios and inflammatory markers in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease. Pharm Pract (Granada).
2023;21(1):01-08. doi:10.18549/PHARMPRACT.2023.1.2755
16. Callahan BJ, McMurdie PJ, Rosen MJ, Han AW, Johnson AJA, Holmes SP. DADA2: High-resolution sample inference from Illumina
amplicon data. Nat Methods. 2016;13(7). doi:10.1038/nmeth.3869
17. Caporaso JG, Kuczynski J, Stombaugh J, et al. QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data. Nat
Methods. 2010;7(5). doi:10.1038/nmeth.f.303
18. Segata N, Izard J, Waldron L, et al. Metagenomic biomarker discovery and explanation. Genome Biol. 2011;12(6). doi:10.1186/
gb-2011-12-6-r60
19. Clemente JC, Ursell LK, Parfrey LW, Knight R. The impact of the gut microbiota on human health: An integrative view. Cell.
2012;148(6):1258-1270. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.01.035
20. Pittayanon R, Lau JT, Yuan Y, et al. Gut Microbiota in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome-A Systematic Review. Published
online 2019. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2019.03.049
21. Nishida A, Inoue R, Inatomi · Osamu, Shigeki Bamba ·, Naito Y, Andoh A. Gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory
bowel disease. Clin J Gastroenterol. 2018;11:1-10. doi:10.1007/s12328-017-0813-5
22. Sokol H, Pigneur B, Watterlot L, et al. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is an anti-inflammatory commensal bacterium identified
by gut microbiota analysis of Crohn disease patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105(43). doi:10.1073/pnas.0804812105
23. Mitchell AL, Scheremetjew M, Denise H, et al. EBI Metagenomics in 2017: enriching the analysis of microbial communities,
from sequence reads to assemblies. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018;46(D1):D726-D735. doi:10.1093/NAR/GKX967
24. Nishida A, Inoue R, Inatomi O, Bamba S, Naito Y, Andoh A. Gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.
Clin J Gastroenterol. 2018;11(1). doi:10.1007/s12328-017-0813-5
25. Eckburg PB, Bik EM, Bernstein CN, et al. Microbiology: Diversity of the human intestinal microbial flora. Science (1979).
2005;308(5728). doi:10.1126/science.1110591
26. Vester-Andersen MK, Mirsepasi-Lauridsen HC, Prosberg M V, et al. Increased abundance of proteobacteria in aggressive
Crohn’s disease seven years after diagnosis. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-019-49833-3
27. Liu X, Mao B, Gu J, et al. Blautia—a new functional genus with potential probiotic properties? Gut Microbes. 2021;13(1). doi:
10.1080/19490976.2021.1875796
28. Yang R, Shan S, Shi J, et al. Coprococcus eutactus, a Potent Probiotic, Alleviates Colitis via Acetate-Mediated IgA Response and
Microbiota Restoration. J Agric Food Chem. Published online 2022. doi:10.1021/ACS.JAFC.2C06697/SUPPL_FILE/JF2C06697_
SI_001.PDF
29. Demirci T, Akın N, Öztürk Hİ, Oğul A. A metagenomic approach to homemade back-slopped yogurts produced in mountainous
villages of Turkey with the potential next-generation probiotics. LWT. 2022;154. doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112860
30. Sheehan D, Moran C, Shanahan F. The microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease. doi:10.1007/s00535-015-1064-1
31. Goldsmith JR, Sartor RB. The role of diet on intestinal microbiota metabolism: Downstream impacts on host immune function
and health, and therapeutic implications. J Gastroenterol. 2014;49(5). doi:10.1007/s00535-014-0953-z
32. Darfeuille-Michaud A, Neut C, Barnich N, et al. Presence of adherent Escherichia coli strains in ileal mucosa of patients with
Crohn’s disease. Gastroenterology. 1998;115(6). doi:10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70019-8
33. Lapaquette P, Glasser AL, Huett A, Xavier RJ, Darfeuille-Michaud A. Crohn’s disease-associated adherent-invasive E. coli are selectively favoured by impaired autophagy to replicate intracellularly. Cell Microbiol. 2010;12(1). doi:10.1111/j.1462-
5822.2009.01381.x
34. Palmela C, Chevarin C, Xu Z, et al. Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut. 2018;67(3).
doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314903
35. El-Sayed A, Kapila D, Taha RSI, et al. The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Middle East
Perspective. J Pers Med. 2024;14(6). doi:10.3390/jpm14060652
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.