Bridging the gap: dental interventions for improved glycemic control in diabetic patients: A systematic review of published studies
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Keywords
Dental, Glycemic Control, Diabetic, Oral Health, care management
Abstract
Background: Diabetes poses an increased risk for oral health complications like periodontal disease and candidiasis. Proper dental management can help reduce these risks and support medical glycemic control. Methods: A systematic search of 5 databases was conducted from 2013 to 2023. Included studies evaluated interventions or assessed relationships between dental care and diabetes outcomes. Two reviewers independently screened titles/ abstracts and full-texts, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. Results: An initial search found 895 records, of which 48 were duplicates and 79 were excluded after title/abstract screening. 284 studies underwent full-text review, with 145 excluded for not meeting criteria. 10 studies ultimately met all inclusion criteria. Current evidence establishes periodontitis as a risk factor for worsening diabetes and complications. Periodontal therapy helps manage glycemic control and is most effective with intensive follow-up support. Diabetes increases oral candidiasis risk. Maintaining optimal blood glucose levels reduces periodontal disease prevalence. Conclusion: Current evidence indicates periodontal therapy positively impacts glycemic control in diabetics and intensive follow-up may maximize benefits. Diabetes increases susceptibility to oral candidiasis. Curricula changes equip future dentists to coordinate care considering patients’ medical needs
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