Ensuring intervention success: Assessing fit as an overlooked step of the implementation process
Main Article Content
Keywords
Pharmaceutical Services, Pharmacists, Implementation Science, Reimbursement Mechanisms, Organizational Culture, Health Resources, Planning Techniques, Organizational Innovation, United States
Abstract
Ensuring fit between a service and the implementing context is a critical but often overlooked precursor of implementation success. This commentary proposes five key considerations that should be evaluated when exploring fit: alignment with needs and metrics; alignment with organizational resources and capabilities; alignment with organizational priorities and culture; alignment with reimbursement mechanisms for long-term sustainability; and alignment with the regulatory environment. Successful uptake and implementation hinges on careful planning and, most importantly, appropriate fit between the service and the implementing environment.
References
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26. CMM in Primary Care Research Team. The patient care process for delivering comprehensive medication management (CMM). Available at: http://www.accp.com/cmm_care_process(accessed Nov 1, 2020).
27. Bleser WK, Miller-Day M, Naughton D, Bricker PL, Cronholm PF, Gabbay RA. Strategies for achieving whole-practice engagement and buy-in to the patient-centered medical home. Ann Fam Med. 2014;12(1):37-45. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.1564
28. Summerill C, Pollard SJ, Smith JA. The role of organizational culture and leadership in water safety plan implementation for improved risk management. Sci Total Environ. 2010;408(20):4319-4327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.06.043
2. Livet M, Haines ST, Curran GM, Seaton TL, Ward CS, Sorensen TD, Roth McClurg M. Implementation Science to Advance Care Delivery: A Primer for Pharmacists and Other Health Professionals. Pharmacotherapy. 2018;38(5):490-502. https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2114
3. Curran GM, Shoemaker SJ. Advancing pharmacy practice through implementation science. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2017;13(5):889-891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2017.05.018
4. Smith MA, Blanchard CM, Vuernick E. The Intersection of Implementation Science and Pharmacy Practice Transformation. Ann Pharmacother. 2020;54(1):75-81. https://doi.org/10.1177/1060028019867253
5. Blanchard C, Livet M, Ward C, Sorge L, Sorensen TD, McClurg MR. The Active Implementation Frameworks: A roadmap for advancing implementation of Comprehensive Medication Management in Primary care. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2017;13(5):922-929. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2017.05.006
6. Watkins K, Wood H, Schneider CR, Clifford R. Effectiveness of implementation strategies for clinical guidelines to community pharmacy: a systematic review. Implement Sci. 2015;10:151. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-015-0337-7
7. Hohmeier KC, Wheeler JS, Turner K, Vick JS, Marchetti ML, Crain J, Brookhart A.Targeting adaptability to improve medication therapy management (MTM) implementation in community pharmacy. Implement Sci. 2019;14(1):99. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-019-0946-7
8. Lyon AR, Ludwig K, Romano E, Koltracht J, Vander Stoep A, McCauley E. Using modular psychotherapy in school mental health: provider perspectives on intervention-setting fit. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2014;43(6):890-901. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2013.843460
9. Proctor E, Silmere H, Raghavan R, Hovmand P, Aarons G, Bunger A, Griffey R, Hensley M. Outcomes for implementation research: conceptual distinctions, measurement challenges, and research agenda. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2011;38(2):65-76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-010-0319-7
10. Rogers EM. Diffusion of innovations, 4th Edition. New York: Free Press; 1995.
11. Fixsen DL, Naoom SF, Blase KA, Friedman RM, Wallace F. Implementation Research: A Synthesis of the Literature. Available at: https://nirn.fpg.unc.edu/sites/nirn.fpg.unc.edu/files/resources/NIRN-MonographFull-01-2005.pdf (accessed Nov 1, 2020).
12. Aarons GA, Hurlburt M, Horwitz SM. Advancing a conceptual model of evidence-based practice implementation in public service sectors. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2011;38(1):4-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-010-0327-7
13. Damschroder LJ, Aron DC, Keith RE, Kirsh SR, Alexander JA, Lowery JC. Fostering implementation of health services research findings into practice: a consolidated framework for advancing implementation science. Implement Sci. 2009;4:50. https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-4-50
14. Aarons GA, Sommerfeld DH. Leadership, innovation climate, and attitudes toward evidence-based practice during a statewide implementation. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012;51(4):423-431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2012.01.018
15. Scaccia JP, Cook BS, Lamont A, Wandersman A, Castellow J, Katz J, Beidas RS. A practical implementation science heuristic for organizational readiness: R = MC 2. J Commun Psychol. 2015;43(4):484-501. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.21698
16. Kilbourne AM, Neumann MS, Pincus HA, Bauer MS, Stall R. Implementing evidence-based interventions in health care: application of the replicating effective programs framework. Implement Sci. 2007;2:42. https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-2-42
17. Woodall T, Landis SE, Galvin SL, Plaut T, Roth McClurg MT. Provision of annual wellness visits with comprehensive medication management by a clinical pharmacist practitioner. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2017;74(4):218-223. https://doi.org/10.2146/ajhp150938
18. Budlong H, Brummel A, Rhodes A, Nici H. Impact of Comprehensive Medication Management on Hospital Readmission Rates. Popul Health Manag. 2018;21(5):395-400. https://doi.org/10.1089/pop.2017.0167
19. Hanna T, Bajorek B, Lemay K, Armour CL. Using scenarios to test the appropriateness of pharmacist prescribing in asthma management. Pharm Pract (Granada). 2014;12(1):390. https://doi.org/10.4321/s1886-36552014000100009
20. Bacci JL, McGrath SH, Pringle JL, Maguire MA, McGivney MS. Implementation of targeted medication adherence interventions within a community chain pharmacy practice: The Pennsylvania Project. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2014;54(6):584-593. https://doi.org/10.1331/japha.2014.14034
21. Moullin JC, Sabater-Hernández D, Benrimoj SI. Qualitative study on the implementation of professional pharmacy services in Australian community pharmacies using framework analysis. BMC Health Serv Res. 2016;16(1):439. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-016-1689-7
22. Turner K, Trogdon JG, Weinberger M, Stover AM, Ferreri S, Farley JF, Ray N, Patti M, Renfro C, Shea CM. Testing the organizational theory of innovation implementation effectiveness in a community pharmacy medication management program: a hurdle regression analysis. Implement Sci. 2018;13(1):105. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-018-0799-5
23. Metz A, Louison L. The hexagon: An exploration tool. Available at: https://nirn.fpg.unc.edu/sites/nirn.fpg.unc.edu/files/imce/documents/NIRN Hexagon Discussion Analysis Tool_September2020_1.pdf (accessed Nov 1, 2020).
24. Chinman M, Hunter SB, Ebener P, Paddock SM, Stillman L, Imm P, Wandersman A. The getting to outcomes demonstration and evaluation: an illustration of the prevention support system. Am J Community Psychol. 2008;41(3-4):206-224. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-008-9163-2
25. Metz A, Louison L, Ward C, Burke K. Implementation Specialist Practice Profile Skills and Competencies for Implementation Practitioners. Available at: https://www.effectiveservices.org/downloads/IS-Practice-Profile-10-18-18.pdf (accessed Nov 1, 2020).
26. CMM in Primary Care Research Team. The patient care process for delivering comprehensive medication management (CMM). Available at: http://www.accp.com/cmm_care_process(accessed Nov 1, 2020).
27. Bleser WK, Miller-Day M, Naughton D, Bricker PL, Cronholm PF, Gabbay RA. Strategies for achieving whole-practice engagement and buy-in to the patient-centered medical home. Ann Fam Med. 2014;12(1):37-45. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.1564
28. Summerill C, Pollard SJ, Smith JA. The role of organizational culture and leadership in water safety plan implementation for improved risk management. Sci Total Environ. 2010;408(20):4319-4327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.06.043
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Dec 7, 2020
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Ensuring intervention success: Assessing fit as an overlooked step of the implementation process. Pharm Pract (Granada) [Internet]. 2020 Dec. 7 [cited 2024 Apr. 18];18(4):2235. Available from: https://pharmacypractice.org/index.php/pp/article/view/2235
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